It is French for "please reply"
RSVP stands for the French "Répondez s'il vous plaît", which means, plainly, please reply. For a long time the phrase confused people more than it helped them, because the French was often left untranslated while the intention, which was simply "tell me whether you are coming", stayed assumed. So it is worth stating once and clearly: an invitation marked RSVP is not a request that you confirm you read it. It is a request that you say yes or no.
The reason hosts ask is practical, not fussy. A couple seating a wedding, a parent ordering a birthday cake, a family laying out chairs for a gathering: all of them are trying to turn a room of maybes into a number they can plan around. Your answer is the thing that lets them order the food, set the places, and hold the space. A polite "I'll think about it" is, to a host, almost the same as silence. A plain yes or no is a kindness.